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每一个学习外语的人在和老外交流时最担忧的事情就是遇上陌生单词怎么办?当你在用还没几乎掌控的语言和别人聊天时,忽然不会记不得一个词,或者你意识到还没习过这个词,然后谈话过程就中断了,被打乱了你长时间传达的节奏。你的同伴此时不会看著你的眼睛,期望可以寻找你想要谈论的东西,但他们看见的只是惊慌失措。只不过,对于早已熟练掌握一门语言的人来说这早已不是一个问题了,虽然他们有时候也有可能在聊天中遇上陌生的单词,但即使有陌生的单词,他们也会只能的大声。
遵循以下5点,你将再也不会无言以对。 1。多展开单词误解 Here are some tips to help bolster word memorization: Learn new words and their synonyms。Learn how to describe new words in your learning language。
Instead of simply translating a word from your native language into your learning language, these techniques help you associate a new word with other words in the same language。 这有一些提醒来协助稳固词汇的记忆:习新的单词和它们的同义词。试着用你自学的语言来叙述新的单词。
这些技能协助你用外语把新的单词和其他单词联系一起,而不是非常简单地用你的母语翻译成你自学的语言。 Put these word connections into practice with a little improve training。
You and your friends can play games like “who can describe a concept with the fewest words”, or, when you’re by yourself, you can write down as many word associations as possible。This way, when you forget a word in a real conversation, you’ll have plenty of other associations to fall back on。You’re likely to remember one of the synonyms or at least be able to describe what you mean in different words — without having to access your native language for help。
通过一些提升性训练,把单词联系方法付诸实践。你和同伴们可以玩游戏“谁能用最多的文字描述一个概念”这个游戏,或者,当一个人的时候,你可以尽量多地写单词误解。
当你在现实对话中记得一个单词的时候,你就不会有很多其他误解到(的单词)来拜托。你可能会回想一个同义词或最少能用其他单词来叙述你的意思,而不用无可奈何你的母语。 2。
Just guess 2。猜一猜 Over 30% of English vocabulary was adopted from French, so if you’re speaking French to someone and you suddenly draw a blank, take a chance and “Frenchify” an English word。There’s a good chance that what you say will at least be a close approximation of a real French word。
This trick also works for the other Romance languages — like Spanish, Portuguese and Italian — since these languages use words with the same Latin roots as French words。Because most of English vocabulary derives from middle German, this trick can work when speaking German and Dutch as well。多达30%的英语词汇源于法语,所以如果你用法语和人聊天,忽然想不起来(怎么说),抓住机会“法语化”一个英语单词。
很有可能你所说的和一个确实的法语单词十分相似。这个技巧某种程度限于于其他罗曼语族,像西班牙语、葡萄牙语和意大利语,因为这些语言和法语一样都用同一个拉丁语单词。
大部分英语单词源于中德,所以这个技巧对德语和荷兰语也限于。 3。Make up words 3。
造词 This is especially easy to do with languages like German where many nouns are compounds of two or three smaller words。If you want to say glove, but don’t have an idea, just take two probable words (hand + shoe) and stick them together。So, Handschuh is in fact the German word for glove! 对于像德语这样的语言,这个方法非常简单,因为很多名词是2个或3个小单词的复合词。
如果你想要说道手套,但不告诉怎么说,那就把两个有可能的单词(手+鞋)人组在一起。看,“handschuh”就是手套的德语单词。 Even if your clever made-up word is totally not a real word, your conversation partner will find it much easier to guess what you mean。For example, a cell phone is not a Taschentelefon (pocket-telephone), but the invented word still communicates the concept accurately enough (the Germans actually call them Handys by the way)。
即使你机智建构的单词不是一个知道词,你的对话伙伴也能更容易的知道你的意思。比如,“cell phone”(手机)不是德语“Taschentelefon”的单词,但建构出来的单词依然可以精确地联系到这个概念(德国人实质上管手机叫作“Handys”)。
You can also achieve a similar effect with the equivalents of vague words like “something,” “thing” which allow context to fill in the blanks。你也可以用类似于“某物”“东西等模糊不清的词语相连上下文,这样也能超过类似于的效果。 4。
Use your body 4。运用你的肢体 Seriously, don’t underestimate the power of body language。After all, charades might be a French word, but it’s played all over the world。
So do pantomime, make sound effects, gesticulate wildly, make shadow puppets if you need to, try anything!说真的,不要忽略肢体语言的起到。却是,猜中词游戏是一个法语单词,但全世界都在玩。
所以,做手势、发出声音、高估手势,做到皮影当真随你必须,尝试任何方法! 5。Say it in your mother tongue (speaking of moms) 5。说道你的母语 Saying the word in your own language is not ideal, but it’s still better than saying nothing。
You can even turn it into a learning opportunity by asking — in the target language, of course — “How do you say ____ in your language?” They might not know, but it also might be the final clue they needed in order to understand you。 用母语说道是最不理想的一种方法,但这也比什么都不谈谈。你甚至可以把它变为一个自学机会,告知(用你正在自学的语言)“ ____用你的语言怎么说?”他们有可能不理解,但这也有可能沦为让他们明白你(的意思)的最后线索。
HOWEVER: be strict with yourself。Only say the word you’re missing in your native language, the rest of the conversation should still be held in your target language!但是:严于律己。只有你用于没法前四种方法阐释的单词才能用母语,其他谈话依然用你正在自学的语言(传达)。
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